did catherine de medici have a daughter named clarissa

Catherine adopted a moderate stance and spoke against the Guise persecutions, though she had no particular sympathy for the Huguenots, whose beliefs she never shared. 500: Catherine de Medici The Mother of three Kings, 500: Catherine de Medici Patron of the arts and follower of the occult. From that moment, she abandoned compromise for a policy of repression. In many parts of France the rule of nobles held sway rather than that of the crown. Catherines dowry was considered too small and alliances between royalty and merchant families like the Medicis, however rich, were still unusual. [96] The death of the heir to the throne in 1584 prompted the Duke of Guise to assume the leadership of the Catholic League. In October 1586, therefore, he had Margaret locked up in the Chteau d'Usson. "[136][139], Catherine de' Medici has been labelled by Wiccan Gerald Gardner a "sinister Queen noted for her interest in the occult arts". However, Catherine maintained the monarchy and the state institutions functioning, even at a minimum level. Catherine was overjoyed at the match, but her joy was overshadowed by the death of her husband. Mark Strage described these years as "the happiest of her entire life". She was born at the royal Chteau de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, where she spent her childhood alongside her sisters, the princesses Elisabeth and Claude. In 1537, he had a brief affair with Philippa Duci, who gave birth to a daughter, whom he publicly acknowledged. The Venetian ambassador, Gerolamo Lipomanno, wrote: "She is an indefatigable princess, born to tame and govern a people as unruly as the French: they now recognize her merits, her concern for unity and are sorry not to have appreciated her sooner. She gave birth to ten children, of whom four sons and three daughters survived to marriageable age. Three of her sons became kings of France, while two of her daughters married kings and one married a duke. Catherine succeeded in obtaining the regency for Charles IX, with Antoine de Bourbon, king of Navarre and first prince of the blood, as lieutenant general, to whom the Protestants vainly looked for leadership. After Franciss death, Catherine wrote to her daughter, Ma fille (my daughter) mamie (my friend), commend yourself to God, for you have seen me as happy as you are now, never knowing any sorrow but that I was not loved as much as I wished to be by the King your father, who honoured me more than I deserved, but I loved him so much that I was always in fear, as you know; and God has taken him from me and, not content with that, has deprived me of your brother.. Unlike the proposals of Poissy, the edict was law, which the Protestants accepted and the Catholics rejected. On 12 May 1588, they set up barricades in the streets and refused to take orders from anyone except the Duke of Guise. Her merciful Edict of Amboise (March 1560) was followed in May by that of Romorantin, which distinguished heresy from sedition, thereby detaching faith from allegiance. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. WebIn Inquisition, it is revealed that Clarissa is the illegitimate daughter of Catherine de Medici and was born with a birthmark on her face. Catherine could not hold back her sobs. Clarissa de Medici. He often hid from state affairs, immersing himself in acts of piety, such as pilgrimages and flagellation. Henry insisted on riding against Montgomery again, and this time, Montgomery's lance shattered in the king's face. It is also necessary to understand this political struggle of the Catholic crown with its own ultramontane extremists and to perceive its fluctuations in changing circumstances, in order to realize the fundamental consistency of Catherines career. Historica Wiki is a FANDOM Games Community. [74] The wedding took place on 18 August 1572 at Notre-Dame, Paris. [] In short, she was a true daughter of France, having good mind and ability, which she proved by seconding wisely and ably her husband, M. de Lorraine, in the government of his seigneuries and principalities.1. She wrote to her daughter Elisabeth: "My principal aim is to have the honour of God before my eyes in all things and to preserve my authority, not for myself, but for the conservation of this kingdom and for the good of all your brothers". She was left with a desire for revenge against her mother, saving Mary, Queen of Scots from Colin MacPhail when Catherine sent Colin to rape her in 1557; she then helped Colin in attempting to escape from prison by marking another prisoner for death in his stead. In an age of civil war and declining respect for the monarchy, she sought to bolster royal prestige through lavish cultural display. At an early age, she was offered as a bride for her sisters widower King Philip II of Spain, but nothing came of that. [59] Catherine held talks with Jeanne d'Albret, the Protestant queen regnant of Navarre (and the wife of Antoine de Bourbon) at Mcon and Nrac. She was crowned in the Basilica of Saint-Denis on 10 June 1549. Margaret, however, became almost as much of a thorn in Catherine's side as Francis, and in 1582, she returned to the French court without her husband. WebMaybe it goes without saying (because The CW did make a whole TV show about it called Reign), but Catherines daughter-in-law was the equally infamous Mary, Queen of Scots. [80], The slaughter in Paris lasted for almost a week. The young couple had been married the year before at Amboise as part of the alliance between King Francis I of France and Lorenzo's uncle Pope Leo X against the Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I. [21] King Francis lamented, "The girl has come to me stark naked."[22]. Its principal purpose was to execute the edict and, through a meeting at Bayonne in June 1565, to seek to strengthen peaceful relations between the crown and Spain and to negotiate for Charless marriage to Elizabeth of Austria. At the age of fifty-nine, she embarked on an eighteen-month journey around the south of France to meet Huguenot leaders face to face. Learn how your comment data is processed. [4] Catherine decided to launch a drive to enforce the Edict of Amboise and revive loyalty to the crown. "[100], Henry was unable to fight the Catholics and the Protestants at once, both of whom had stronger armies than his own. "[90] The death of her youngest son was a calamity for Catherine's dynastic dreams. She went on to bear Henry a further eight children, seven of whom survived infancy, including the future Charles IX (born 27 June 1550); the future Henry III (born 19 September 1551); and Francis, Duke of Anjou (born 18 March 1555) and Claude (born 12 November 1547). [85] Catherine did all in her power to bring Francis back into the fold. As Guise entered the king's chamber, the Forty-five plunged their blades into his body, and he died at the foot of the king's bed. Charles and Claude had a happy marriage, and their close proximity to the French court meant that they were able to visit Catherine often. [58] On 19 March 1563, the Edict of Amboise, also known as the Edict of Pacification, ended the war. Joan became even sicker, and she died, shortly before her son arrived, on 9 June. She was one of the most influential personalities of the CatholicHuguenot wars (Wars of Religion; 156298). Clement summoned Catherine from her beloved convent to join him in Rome where he greeted her with open arms and tears in his eyes. Many historians have blamed Catherine for the attack on Coligny. Henry arrived in the bedroom with King Francis, who is said to have stayed until the marriage was consummated. [135] Barbara Ketcham Wheaton and Stephen Mennell provided the definitive arguments against these claims. Born in Florence, she was the granddaughter of Lorenzo de' Medici, niece of Pope Leo X and sister to Lorenzo II de' Medici. Jeanne finally agreed to the marriage between her son and Margaret, so long as Henry could remain a Huguenot. "[113] He added that she had no sooner died than she was treated with as much consideration as a dead goat. "As the daughter of the Medici," suggests French art historian Jean-Pierre Babelon, "she was driven by a passion to build and a desire to leave great achievements behind her when she died. [146] As a result, some (more extreme) authors[147] believe Catherine to be the creator of the Black Mass, a Satanic inversion of the traditional Catholic Mass, although there is little to prove this aside from Jean Bodin's account in his book De la dmonomanie des sorciers. In fact, a large population of Italiansbankers, silk-weavers, philosophers, musicians, and artists, including Leonardo da Vincihad emigrated to France to promote the burgeoning Renaissance. He sent the Duke of Alba to tell Catherine to scrap the Edict of Amboise and to find punitive solutions to the problem of heresy. Also Known As : Caterina Maria Romola di Lorenzo de Medici. [129] Poets lauded her as the new Artemisia, after Artemisia II of Caria, who built the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus as a tomb for her dead husband. [99] "Take care", she wrote to the king, "especially about your person. Most of the Orsini men were soldiers, a profession which allowed them to amass huge territories around Rome and Naples. [124] Owing to its synthesis of dance, music, verse, and setting, the production of the Ballet Comique de la Reine in 1581 is regarded by scholars as the first authentic ballet. "Princely Culture and Catherine de Mdicis". He will not be spoken of again. [115], Catherine believed in the humanist ideal of the learned Renaissance prince whose authority depended on letters as well as arms. [92] Her role in his government became that of chief executive and roving diplomat. Because Paris was held by enemies of the crown, Catherine had to be buried provisionally at Blois. At first Catherine kept him very close to her, and even slept in his chamber. [70] After Catherine's daughter Elisabeth died in childbirth in 1568, she had touted her youngest daughter Margaret as a bride for Philip II of Spain. To avoid questions about the baby's distinguishing birthmark, she gave the baby to Nostradamus' father. At the time, Henry was besieging Paris with the King of Navarre, who would succeed him as Henry IV of France. They were usually dedicated to the ideal of peace in the realm and based on mythological themes. It has been suggested that Catherine educated her son, Henry III, in the dark arts,[145] and that "the two devoted themselves to sorceries that were scandals of the age". Catherine's husband, now Henry II, had been cared for at age eleven by Diane de Poitiers, who was twenty years his senior. [108] Henry did not tell Catherine of his plan for a solution to his problems. In desperation, Catherine tried every known trick for getting pregnant, such as placing cow dung and ground stags' antlers on her "source of life", and drinking mule's urine. Viscount Catherine's former lover and Clarissa's father was Richard DelaCroix. She died on 27 March 1615.2. The 10 years from 1560 to 1570 were, politically, the most important of Catherines life. Her essentially moderate influence was first perceptible during the Conspiracy of Amboise (March 1560), an instance of tumultuous petitioning by the Huguenot gentry, primarily against Guisard persecution in the name of the King. Rumours of Henry's inability to produce children were by that time in wide circulation. [69], Catherine looked to further Valois interests by grand dynastic marriages. The year was 1519. Born: April 13, 1519, in Florence, Italy. The surgery removed part of the birthmark, but left Clarissa greatly disfigured due to the use of potions. [3] In practice, her authority was limited by the effects of the civil wars. [65] She told the Venetian ambassador in June 1568 that all one could expect from Huguenots was deceit, and she praised the Duke of Alba's reign of terror in the Netherlands, where Calvinists and rebels were put to death in the thousands. Clarissa Delacroix was born in 1539, the illegitimate daughter of Queen Catherine de Medici of France and King Henry II of Frances boyhood friend Richard Delacroix. * * *. In 1570, Charles IX married Elisabeth of Austria, daughter of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor. Where was Catherine de Medici born and raised? "[131] Catherine also commissioned Germain Pilon to carve the marble sculpture that contains Henry II's heart. Margaret would later write that she trembled whenever she was summoned by her mother. He was also a Huguenot while Margaret was a Catholic. Yes, Catherine De Medici has an illegitimate child named Clarissa Delacroix, after her affair with Richard Delacroix. Orphaned within days, Catherine was highly educated, trained, and disciplined by nuns in Florence and Rome and married in 1533 by her uncle, Pope Clement VII, to Henry, duc dOrlans, who inherited the French crown from his father, Francis I, in April 1547. She was born in Florence, Italy, on April 13, 1519. In 1561, with the support of the distinguished chancellor Michel de LHospital, she began by trying to propitiate the leaders of both religious factions, to effect reforms and economies by unassailably traditional methods, and to settle the religious conflict. Catherine was the daughter of Lorenzo di Piero de Medici, duca di Urbino, and Madeleine de La Tour dAuvergne, a Bourbon princess related to many of the French nobility. Clarissa Delacroix was born in 1539, the illegitimate daughter of Queen Catherine de Medici of France and King Henry II of Frances boyhood friend Richard Delacroix. She was just 11 years old when she married Charles, Duke of Lorraine in January 1559 in a splendid ceremony at the Notre-Dame. [52] On 1 March 1562, however, in an incident known as the Massacre of Vassy, the Duke of Guise and his men attacked worshipping Huguenots in a barn at Vassy (Wassy), killing 74 and wounding 104. Knecht 1998, p. 28, gives the English translation ""The girl has been given to me stark naked." A distinctive new art form, the ballet de cour, emerged from these creative advances. It was designed by Francesco Primaticcio (15041570), with sculpture by Germain Pilon (15281590). Moving on to the fortress of Carlat, Margaret took a lover called d'Aubiac. [67] "We have come to the determination to die, all of us", Jeanne wrote to Catherine, "rather than abandon our God, and our religion. When Catherine found this out, she had her daughter brought from her bed. Claude and Charles would go on to have nine children, of which seven would survive to adulthood. The Parisians, however, claimed the right to defend the city themselves. 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The members of the Flying Squadron were supposedly so beautiful and so good at their jobs that they were known to make men see God, or at least worship Him in a different way. Knecht, 272. At the meeting of the Estates, Henry thanked Catherine for all she had done. WebHistorically, by Louis, she had two daughters, who were influential members of the royal household- there's no mention of a son like in the show, Sebastian .
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