apush period 6 timeline of major events

The company would then go bankrupt, leaving stockholders with nothing. You'll explore the events that led to the American Revolution and the formation of the United States and examine the early years of the republic. APUSH: Timetoast Timeline (Period 5) Period 5. This affected America because it significantly decreased the amount of Chinese immigrants into the U.S. Chinese laborers built most of the Central Pacifics line. 1800-1864 Apush Semester 1&2 Final U.S. Government Timeline Founding Fathers Timeline/ Wars 1800-1876 APUSH Final: Timeline 1600-1980 Events in History #1 APUSH Semester 1 Final Timeline ( including 50 (fifty) different events throughout the majority (. The US banned the Indian Sun Dance in 1884 to get Indians to give up their tribal religions and assimilate. AUS APUSH NAME:____Areeg_____ APUSH Period 6 Timeline of Major Events President: Event and Significance: Rutherford B. Hayes Republican (1877-1881) Compromise of 1877 The leaders of the two parties came to an agreement: democrats would allow Hayes to become president if he ended federal support for Republicans in the south and support the building of a Southern transcontinental railroad. A variety of economic opportunities drew waves of settlers to the West. Period 6: 1865-1898 Period 5: 1844-1877 Period 7: 1890-1945 The transformation of the United States from an agricultural to an increasingly industrialized and urbanized society brought about significant economic, political, diplomatic, social, environmental, and cultural changes. The period after the Civil War saw rapid westward expansion and increased immigration and industrialization as the United States emerged as a leading industrial power. The sixth period covered on the AP U.S. history exam took place between the years 1865-1898 and is referred to as The Challenges of the Era of Industrialization. The transformation of the United States during the last decades of the nineteenth century from an essentially rural and agrarian society to an increasingly industrial and urban one brought about a host of economic, political, diplomatic, social, cultural, and environmental changes. What is the difference between US History and AP US history here on Khanacademy? The Panic of 1893 was a serious economic depression in the United States that began in that year. The owners of big businesses, labeled robber barons by their critics, enjoyed unparalleled wealth, whereas many of the workers lived in squalid conditions in working-class slums. Founded by Booker T. Washington, which was under pressure due to the fact many viewed him as an accommodationist. During the last decades of the nineteenth century, the United States experienced unprecedented changes in production as large-scale industry and business consolidation replaced older forms of production. Is it the same for everyone? The AP U.S. History framework included in the course and exam description outlines distinct skills that students should practice throughout the yearskills that will help them learn to think and act like historians. Each of the 9 APUSH periods has: a video covering the main ideas for the period an outline of key concepts an interactive timeline of events a collection of primary source documents links to other related videos and essays It covers all major events of Period 6: 1865-1898. Congress passed the law largely in response to public demand that railroad operations be regulated. Period 3. Direct link to Alex Rupsee's post Hi, I was looking to take, Lesson 1: AP US History worked examples. Once you join your AP class section online, youll be able to access AP Daily videos, any assignments from your teacher, and your assignment results in AP Classroom. Period 8 Dates - The Cold War It was also created by Jane Adams. Your students can look up credit and placement policies for colleges and universities on theAP Credit Policy Search. Key Concept 6.3: The Gilded Age produced new cultural and intellectual movements, public reform efforts, and political debates over economic and social policies. The Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) marked a major setback for African Americans, as it upheld racial segregation and ended some of the progress made in the decades following the Civil War. The telephone was made in 1876 by Alexander Graham Bell. 1846- The Mexican-American War began April 25,1846 when President Polk offered the Mexican government money to buy new territory (California, parts of New Mexico, and Texas) and the Mexican government refused to meet with a US representative. Southern Events 1800-1861. The Whig , Posted 6 years ago. See: Promontory Point. Direct link to Richard Gao's post @Kim Kutz, do you have a , Posted 4 years ago. Browse apush period 5 timeline of major events resources on Teachers Pay Teachers, a marketplace trusted by millions of teachers for original educational resources. 1. This resource provides a succinct description of the course and exam. He became a wealthy merchant during the California Gold Rush, and later served as Governor of California (1862183) and as its Senator (18851893). -Spain sets up encomiendas(missions like in CA & others), -England becomes superpower begins colonization soon after, -tobacco cash crop, saves colony from extinction, -Chesapeake becomes name of surrounding area, -indentured servants popular and useful, -1618 headright sys. APUSH Timeline of Important Events 1492-1650 Early Colonization Period Independence 1750 - 1781 Pre-Civil War, Civil War, Reconstruction 1845-1877 Gilded Age People: Carnegie,. The Acts of the Revolutionary War -Payton Bartek Jenna Gault Haley Sliva. You must answer it using information from seven provided documents. 9. here), but actually creating the deck is an important step in studying! A DBQ is a type of essay question asked on the AP US History Exam. The following guide will be updated periodically with hyperlinks to excellent resources. People: Carnegie, Rockefeller, Morgan, Edison, Pulitzer & Hearst (journalists; yellow journalism), Gompers (unions), Booker T. Washington, Susan B. Anthony (womans suffrage), Forgotten Presidents: Hayes, Garfield, Arthur, Cleveland, Harrison, Political People: Debs, Bryan, McKinley (Pres, but not a forgotten one), Seward (AK purchase), Spanish-American War Americans drive Spanish out of Cuba &Phillipines, -Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, FBI created with J. Edgar Hoover in charge, 14 Points League of Nations made it not pass in Congress because Wilson was unwilling to compromise, People: Hemmingway, Fitzgerald, Scopes, Bryan, Darrow, Events: Scopes Trial, Prohibition, 18thAmendment, Jazz Harlem Renaissance, Atlantic Charter Conference with Churchill, Truman Doctrine financial support of anti-Communist nations for containment of Communism, -Joseph McCarthy = names of Communists in American government, Sputnik launched leads to NASA being established, Strategic Defense Initiative = Star Wars, NAFTA = North American Free Trade Agreement established, George W. Bush elected President, wins amid controversy. Cities became areas of economic growth that attracted African Americans and migrants from Asia and Europe. The practice was introduced to North America early during European colonization. Later founded Stanford University. 50 acres given to a plantation owner who sponsored ppl over to America, House of Burgesses first government in colonies, -Mayflower Compact government established, power not from God but from governed, -received aid from local Indians to further the settlement, Mass. The reservation system, the destruction of the buffalo, military actions, and assimilationist policies worked to circumscribe Indian options and culture. Jan 1, 1770. . Looking to help your students with major terms and chronology to better prepare for the AP Exam? Youll analyze texts, visual sources, and other historical evidence and write essays expressing historical arguments. The Whig Party was a political party in the first half of the 1800s. A number of political issues, mostly around economic issues, came to dominate the Gilded Age. of State & JQA President, -Dem. Workers suffered some major setbacks in these conflicts and failed to significantly alter the distribution of wealth in the Gilded Age. Find our full AP World History Period 6 notes! Your teacher may choose to organize the course As the working class expanded, a series of pitched conflicts over wages and working conditions occurred at industrial worksites. https://www.kaptest.com/study/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/AP-US-History-Exam-Period-6-Notes-1865-1898.jpg, http://wpapp.kaptest.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/kaplan_logo_purple_726-4.png, AP US History Exam: Period 6 Notes (1865-1898). At the same time, agriculture was becoming more mechanized, requiring fewer people in rural areas. Direct link to Kiarra Poynter's post What is the difference be, Posted 6 years ago. APUSH Period 7. However, you do need to know the timeline of events to place cause and effect. Farmers in this period found themselves drawn into the world of mechanized agriculture. Businessmen such as Cornelius Vanderbilt, Andrew Carnegie, and John D. Rockefeller amassed huge fortunes. These new aspects of American life were most evident in the growing cities. This is the core document for the course. APUSH PERIOD 6: 1865-1898 (13%) 1865: Civil War Ends You be3er know about: How the federal government played a very acve role in western expansion Na4ve American Policy: 1) War- Bale of Lile Bighorn 1876, Wounded Knee 1890, 2) Forced assimila4on- Dawes Severalty Act 1887 Economics: 1) Subsidies to the railroad companies, 2) Homestead Act APUSH Unit 7 (1890-1945) Imperialism and WWI. The Hull House was a significant because it provided social and educational opportunities fro working class people. APUSH Period 6 Timeline of Major Events and Ideas (1865-1898) 5.0 (19 reviews) Compromise of 1877 Click the card to flip An unwritten, informal deal hat settled the intensely disputed 1876 election. To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. Key Concept 6.2: The migrations that accompanied industrialization transformed both urban and rural areas of the United States and caused dramatic social and cultural change. provide one possible sequence for the course. Bay Colony Congregationalists John Winthrop City on a hill, 1649-1660 little immigration because England was mainly Puritan, Connecticut gets charter for being a colony, -Maryland Lord Baltimore haven for Christians & Catholics, 1649 Act of Toleration protects Christians, -Pennsylvania William Penn Quaker, -Carolina (proprietary) split into NC (Virginia-like colony) and SC (settled by people from Barbados), -proprietary colonies usually became royal colonies (king-controlled), Salutary Neglect 1650-1750 Britain was hands-off on American colonies; gave America autonomy, -unrest in religion, politics and gender led to the witch hysteria, -Jonathan Edwards Congregationalist sinners in hands of angry God fire & brimstone, -message was about Hell and predestination, -George Whitefield Methodist Christianity emotionalism and spirituality, -Britain wins leads to anti-British sentiment, -forbids colonial settlement past Appalachian Mountains, -turning point of British-Colonial relations, Currency Act colonists cant make paper money, -affected almost everyone, especially literate and lawyers, British response virtual representation, Declaratory Act passed Parliament can tax and legislate in all cases anywhere in the colonies, -writ of assistance British can search anywhere; soldiers sent to Boston to keep peace March 5, 1770, -closed Boston port; except for essentials, First Continental Congress = all but Georgia, -address actions to grievances such as boycotts, -Parameters which were considered Parliamentary interference, Battles of Lexington (first battle) and Concord (American colonists held off British shot heard round the world), -established government offices for policies, -America wants reconciliation with Britain, -Why should an island rule a continent?, Thomas Jefferson commissioned to write Declaration of Independence, -brings French into war on the colonists side, -lacked ability to tax, declare war, form a military, -House of Representatives according to population, -cabinet Jefferson (Secretary of State), Hamilton (Treasury), -Hamiltons financial plan to reduce debt, -midnight appointments Adams placed more judges in judicial positions with Federalists, -Marbury v. Madison established Judicial Review, -Embargo Act 1807 &Non Intercourse Act 1809 both hurt American economy, -declared war on Britain in 1812 short war; Treaty of Ghent, -Hartford Convention end of Federalist Party, -American system tariff, roads, re-chartered National Bank (protective), Era of Good Feelings 1stpolitical party in America, -McCulloch v. Maryland states cant tax National Bank, -Panic of 1819 people couldnt pay loans, -Adams-Onis Treaty 1819 Florida acquired from Spain, Corrupt bargain Henry Clay became Sec. The stated purpose of the WCTU was to create a "sober and pure world" by abstinence, purity, and evangelical Christianity. Is there a more clear version of this chart for printing purposes? stream Right now, they are ALMOST all the same. Students cultivate their understanding of U.S. history from c. 1491 CE to the present through analyzing historical sources and learning to make connections and craft historical arguments as they explore concepts like American and national identity; work, exchange, and technology; geography and the environment; migration and settlement; politics and power; America in the world; American and regional culture; and social structures.. Direct link to Marc Rodriguez's post Why was the Whig Party ta, Posted 6 years ago. 1903 - Wright Brothers 1917 - US enters WWI 1920 - Women's Suffrage 1920s - Red Scare 1920s - Prohibition 1929 - Stock Market Crash 1932 - Bonus Army 1935 - Social Security Act 1939 - WWII starts in Europe 1941 - Attack on Pearl Harbor 1944 - D-Day 1945 - Atomic Bomb dropped Check out our Period 7 study guide! The era of industrial expansion after the Reconstruction period is known as the Gilded Age. Although the nation as a whole enjoyed an increase in its wealth, that wealth was not equally distributed. Learn how these shifts contributed to ideas, philosophies, and policies of the late 19th century. by . As you are reviewing for the Gilded Age, focus on the key concepts and use the essential questions to guide you. 12. Innovations in technology in the period following the Civil War allowed for greater access to natural resources. As settlers moved westward, American Indians were increasingly threatened. Direct link to richardson.l3's post When will you add more qu, Posted 7 years ago. If you are having trouble accessing the video please check here for our YouTube version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xNl2P-Nvu_o, Copyright The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History 2009-2015. 8. The railroads became the first industry subject to Federal regulation. Although some segments of the southern economy experienced industrialization, overall the South remained predominantly agrarian, with sharecropping and tenant farming dominating the region. Copyright Kaplan, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 2. and became an important step in the United States rise as a great power in the Asia-Pacific region. 4 0 obj The CED was updated in the fall of 2022 to continue to update terminology to remain current with historical scholarship. Whoever takes an AP course in high school must take the AP exam to test their understanding of the curriculum. Trademark Directory. This worksheet is a great review to give your APUSH students at the end of the unit, or can be given at the beginning of the unit and they can fill it in as the unit progresses. Top 10 Schools for Joint Law Degree Programs, AP Biology Multiple Choice Practice Questions. Already enrolled? 1847 -Mormoms arrive in Salt Lake Valley, Utah led by Brigham Young to seek long . Major Events 1800 - 1840 By wturpen Timeline List 1800 1805 1810 1815 1820 1800, Revolution of 1800 1802, Judiciary Act 1803, Louisiana Purchase 1807, Embargo Act 1804, Lewis and Clark Expedition 1809, James Madison Elected President 1809, Nonintercourse Act 1810, Fletcher v. Peck 1811, Battle of Tippecanoe 1812, War of 1812 Direct link to Jonathan Ziesmer's post A DBQ is a type of essay , Posted 5 years ago. Excerpted from the AP U.S. History Course and Exam Description, the Course at a Glance document outlines the topics and skills covered on the AP U.S. History Exam, along with suggestions for sequencing. America Becomes a World Power Timeline. Large scale industrialization and advances in technology gave rise to capitalism and the era of big business. This document details how each of the sample free-response questions in the course and exam description (CED) would be scored. APUSH Periods 1-9 Complete Timeline Bundle. Period: 1865 to 1898. 6. Key Concept 8.1: The United States responded to an uncertain and unstable postwar world by asserting and working to maintain a position of global leadership, with far-reaching domestic and international consequences. Higher education professionals play a key role in developing AP courses and exams, setting credit and placement policies, and scoring student work. Debates intensified over citizens rights, especially in relation to gender and race. Try right-clicking on the image and selecting "Open in new tab". In which, it argued that wealthy men had a responsibility to use their wealth for the greater good of society. The United States experienced unprecedented economic growth in the last decades of the nineteenth century, but the fruits of that growth were not equally distributed. Great to help with the chronology piece that . %PDF-1.3 x}O_qlw-;^r*x"D]|s*Z?3;ca4s"suaMS"ReFa,u(R;_l+EIo;Cg:$RYWv_^ony;_p6$qcIeS=Z!lr5=fRAcPYw~_k|khHG#z+:vda. APUSH Period 6 (1848-1877) Timeline of Major Events + Analysis by APUSHin' Through History 5.0 (37) $3.75 PDF Looking to help your students with major terms and chronology to better prepare for the AP Exam? Reformers and intellectuals challenged the prevailing social structure of the day. Promontory Point, Utah, is just north of the Great Salt Lake. Cities became centers of industrial production and magnets for the large number of immigrants coming into the United States. The Haymarket Square was organized by labor radicals to protest the killing and wounding of several workers by the Chicago police during a strike the day before at the McCormick Reaper Works.This became a symbol of international struggle for workers' rights. Aggressive financial methods caused multiple economic downturns and financial panics. Allwright(1944) Bracero Program Zoot Suit Riots (1943) Korematsu v. United Statesand Japanese Internment (1942-1944) D-Day (June 6, 1944) Yalta Conference (1945) German Surrender (May 7, 1945) Harry S. Truman Democrat (1945) Hiroshima and Nagasaki (August 1945) Japanese Surrender (September 2, 1945) Potsdam Conference (1945) United Nations (1945) Identify and explain historical developments and processes. Period 7: 1890-1945 This period sees the United States starting to get pulled onto the world stage in a big way for the first time. Similar to the Panic of 1873, this panic was marked by the collapse of railroad overbuilding and shaky railroad financing which set off a series of bank failures. 5. A business tycoon who amassed a fortune in the steamboat business and invested this fortune in the consolidation of many smaller rail lines under one company, the New York Central Railroad. Reported resources will be reviewed by our team. Corruption seemed rife on all levels of government despite efforts of reformers. The second American boycott begins and women begin to take an important role by spinning cloth in the colonies. CA Privacy Policy This is the core document for the course. Before next year's exam, do you guys plan on adding more to the practice section? Due to the rise of big business, many groups such as farmers and unions called for stronger governmental protections to regulate the economy and safeguard the rights of workers. Good question! My students receive this packet at the beginning of each unit and are encouraged to complete it as they read the textbook each week. 7. APUSH Period 6 (1848-1877) Timeline of Major Events + Analysis 37 Ratings View Preview Grade Levels 9th - 12th Subjects U.S. History Resource Type Study Guides, Worksheets, Graphic Organizers Formats Included PDF Pages 6 pages $3.75 Add one to cart Buy licenses to share Wish List Share this resource Report this resource to TPT If that's too small to read, here are some close ups of the themes: We've put together some video examples of how to tackle each section of the AP US history exam. This chartshows recommended scores for granting credit, and how much credit should be awarded, for each AP course. advanced placement or advanced preparation. The Dawes Act was a movement to reform Indian policy led to the US deciding to assimilate Indians to white culture rather than forcibly contain and kill Indians. This is an APUSH Time Period 6 timeline (1865-1898) for AP United States history class. All Rights Reserved. $2.50. is always a good q, Posted 6 years ago. Direct link to Rebekka Johansson (inactive)'s post What does 'AP' stand for?, Posted 2 years ago. This platform suggested a federal loan system in which farmers could get the money they needed. Was the first institution of higher learning for African Americans. Many women in this era broke with Victorian-era gender expectations to participate in social change movements. Sign in to access them. Youll examine Americas changing society and culture and the causes and effects of the global wars and economic meltdown of this period. Jan 1, 1763. . By kaileeburkleo. Government Timeline. APUSH Period 6 (1848-1877) Timeline of Major Events + Analysis Created by APUSHin' Through History Looking to help your students with major terms and chronology to better prepare for the AP Exam? Partner Solutions 10. There will never be a question on the APUSH exam that specifically requires you to remember a date. 12 Things to Know About AP U.S. History Period 6 1. Yet this economic growth was not evenly distributed, resulting in both great wealth and great poverty. Youll learn about the rivalry between the Soviet Union and the United States, the growth of various civil rights movements, and the economic, cultural, and political transformations of this period. Events Concentration Policy 1851 % complete Central Park 1857 % complete Homestead Act 1862 % complete Indian Wars 1866 - 1890 % complete History Timeline 1850-1920. Join your class in My AP. Browse Catalog Grade Level Pre-K - K 1 - 2 3 - 5 6 - 8 9 - 12 Other Subject Arts & Music English Language Arts World Language Math Science Social Studies - History Specialty Get ahead of the AP game! It also voiced the elimination for private banks. The big concepts for this period are: Progressive reforms Imperialism World War I The Great Depression (causes, effects, the New Deal) World War II Period 8: 1945-1980 Privacy Policy EISaCehH8iW?9-.SOed1FFHQB"9|g81U[V#(3YW1JsMYKDa Direct link to Kim Kutz Elliott's post Good question! Debates also ensued over calls for overseas expansion. right now the letters are too small to be viewed clearly and if I download the picture and zoom in the letters go blurry. The Second Industrial Revolution was a period when advances in steel production, electricity and petroleum caused a series of innovations that changed society. APUSH Periods 6-9 Major Events Timeline Bundle. The whole purpose surrounding the telephone was to make the process of communicating much more simply. The AP U.S. History framework is organized into nine commonly taught units of study that provide one possible sequence for the course. The new urban industrial economy also required a host of support servicessuch as health care, education, and legal services. @Kim Kutz, do you have a clearer version of the table at the beginning of this study sheet? Top 5 Study Topics and Tips for the AP Biology Exam, Top 5 Study Tips for the AP Psychology Exam, Top AP Psychology Exam Multiple-Choice Question Tips, Top AP Psychology Exam Free Response Questions Tips, AP Psychology Sample Free Response Question. Direct link to luistirado's post advanced placement or adv, Posted 6 years ago. United States History Writing Study Skills. Time Period 6 1866. . Economic opportunities and government policies encouraged the development of the West in the decades after the Civil War. Analyzing the claims, evidence, and reasoning you find in sources, Putting historical developments in context and making connections between them, Coming up with a claim or thesis and explaining and supporting it in writing, A two-semester introductory college course in U.S. history. Direct link to doctor_luvtub's post Try right-clicking on the, Posted 7 years ago. Analyze arguments in primary and secondary sources. You'll examine the nation's economic and demographic shifts in this period and their links to cultural and political changes. 49 W. 45th Street, 6th Floor NYC, NY 10036, Official photograph from the Golden Spike Ceremony, 1869, William Cullen Bryant opposes the protective tariff, 1876, William T. Sherman on the western railroads, 1878, The struggle for married womens rights, circa 1880s, Charles Guiteaus reasons for assassinating President Garfield, 1882, Frederick Douglass on the disfranchisement of black voters, 1888, Campaigning for the African American vote in Georgia, 1894, William Jennings Bryan and the ideals of the Declaration of Independence, 1895, The Rise of Industrial America, 1877-1900, American Indians and the Transcontinental Railroad, Entrepreneurs and Bankers: The Evolution of Corporate Empires, The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History. Get an overview of what happened in Period 6 of APUSH as well as essential vocabulary, key exam topics, and more. It clearly lays out the course content and describes the exam and the AP Program in general. Unit 7 (1890-1945) Part 1 (Imperialism & WWI ) timeline. AP US History exam skills and strategies, How to approach multiple choice questions, How to approach the long essay question/LE, https://www.albert.io/blog/how-to-write-a-new-ap-us-history-dbq/. 1944 - GI Bill 1945 - End of World War Two 1947 - Truman Doctrine, First Levittown Started 1948Marshall Plan, Berlin Airlift, Desegregation of Military, Creation of Israel 1949 - NATO Created, Loss of China 1950 - Korean War Starts, McCarthy West Virginia Speech on Communism in Govt. The AP Program is unique in its reliance on Development Committees. The contrast between the mansions of Andrew Carnegie and Henry Frick along New York Citys Fifth Avenue and the tenements depicted in Jacob Riiss How the Other Half Lives (1890) startled many Americans. Cattle drives moved large herds of livestock to market, to shipping points, or to find fresh pasturage. 36. In 1887 Congress passed the Interstate Commerce Act, making the railroads the first industry subject to Federal regulation. Students cultivate their understanding of U.S. history from c. 1491 CE to the present through analyzing historical sources and learning to make connections and craft historical arguments as they explore concepts like American and national identity; work, exchange, and technology; geography and the environment; migration and . White and African-American southerners both shaped the new South, as the region left behind plantation slavery. The United States economy expanded tremendously in the late 1800s as the country experienced a rapid industrialization. Week 17 - American History - Final Timeline of Events. It assists with laying out the major events, people, terms, etc that can prepare students for their assessments. The large-scale immigration to the United States in the last decades of the nineteenth century generated a variety of responses from different individuals and groups. Looking to help your students with major terms and chronology to better prepare for the AP Exam? Find colleges that grant credit and/or placement for AP Exam scores in this and other AP courses. The course content outlined below is organized into commonly taught units of study that Your guide to major themes, documents, and key words for the AP US History exam! By chrisdevona. Additionally, the fierce competition of the Gilded Age coupled with lack of federal regulation often led to dishonest business practices. Look no further than these timelines organized by CB time periods! AP Human Geography Question Types and Strategies, Top 5 Study Tips for the AP Human Geography Exam. Word Document File; Aligned with new AP exam. This is the regularly scheduled date for the AP United States History Exam. AP U.S. History is an introductory college-level U.S. history course. Youll learn about the advance of political conservatism, developments in science and technology, and demographic shifts that had major cultural and political consequences in this period. Clay's American System, 2nd BUS, Tariff of 1816 1820: Missouri Compromise 1820-1860: Sectional conflict Another view, known as the Gospel of Wealth, urged the wealthy and big business to help the less fortunate. Great question! Although U.S. troops were removed from the island, the . Read these suggestions for writing a good essay, such as one youd write as a response to a document-based question or other free-response question on the exam.
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